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This is the archive for all posts from 2011.

→ Understanding bufferbloat and the network buffer arms race

Routers, switches, and cable modems have buffers to temporarily store packets that can't be transmitted right away. As the buffers get bigger, however, latency gets worse. Ars explores the problem, some misconceptions about it, and what needs to be done to mitigate it.

Read the article - posted 2011-01-07

→ 25 years of IETF: setting standards without kings or votes

The Internet Engineering Task Force has been around for a quarter century. That translates to 70 Internet standards and 155 best practices—all without a single vote.

Read the article - posted 2011-01-18

→ How Egypt did (and your government could) shut down the Internet

Ars looks at how Egypt "turned off" the Internet within its borders and whether that could be accomplished in countries like the US and western Europe. The Internet is surprisingly hard to kill, but if a government is willing to power down routers, turn off DNS, and kill interconnects, it can be done.

Read the article - posted 2011-01-30

→ River of IPv4 addresses officially runs dry

It's official: the IPv4 well has run dry. The final five /8 blocks of IPv4 were handed with much pomp and circumstance at an event this morning, which means it's time to get serious about moving everyone to IPv6.

Read the article - posted 2011-02-03

→ No more addresses: Asia-Pacific region IPv4 well runs dry

APNIC is down to its last 17 million IPv4 addresses, so from now on ISPs in Asia, Australia, and the Pacific will only qualify for one final block of 1,024 addresses each.

Read the article - posted 2011-04-15

→ RFC 6146: Stateful NAT64: Network Address and Protocol Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4 Servers

This document describes stateful NAT64 translation, which allows IPv6-only clients to contact IPv4 servers using unicast UDP, TCP, or ICMP. One or more public IPv4 addresses assigned to a NAT64 translator are shared among several IPv6-only clients. When stateful NAT64 is used in conjunction with DNS64, no changes are usually required in the IPv6 client or the IPv4 server.

Read the article - posted 2011-04-27

→ RFC 6147: DNS64: DNS Extensions for Network Address Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4 Servers

DNS64 is a mechanism for synthesizing AAAA records from A records. DNS64 is used with an IPv6/IPv4 translator to enable client-server communication between an IPv6-only client and an IPv4-only server, without requiring any changes to either the IPv6 or the IPv4 node, for the class of applications that work through NATs. This document specifies DNS64, and provides suggestions on how it should be deployed in conjunction with IPv6/IPv4 translators.

Read the article - posted 2011-04-27

→ Yes to Lion, no to cruft: get a clean start with manual Mac migration

With every new Mac and every new Mac OS X version, the Migration Assistant dutifully copies all data from the old system to the new. But after almost a decade, the urge to make a clean start is too strong for our correspondent. Here's how to do it—but it's not for the faint of heart.

Read the article - posted 2011-07-13

→ Speed Matters: How Ethernet Went From 3 Mbps to 100 Gbps… and Beyond

"In 30 years, Ethernet conquered networking and accelerated from 3Mbps to 100Gbps—and Terabit Ethernet might not be far off." My Ars Technica feature about the history (and some future) of Ethernet, reprinted by Wired.

Read the article - posted 2011-07-16

Overheid begrijpt certificaatprobleem niet

Minister Donner ondernam in de nacht van vrijdag op zaterdag de zeer ongebruikelijke stap om na middernacht een persconferentie te houden. Het ging dan ook om een urgente kwestie: er zijn mogelijk frauduleuze certificaten op naam van overheidswebsites uitgegeven. Daarmee kan iemand zo'n overheidswebsite perfect nabouwen en mensen wachtwoorden en andere gevoelige informatie laten intypen.

Read the article - posted 2011-09-04

→ Cutting the cord: how the world’s engineers built Wi-Fi

About the history and the inner workings of IEEE 802.11, written with Jaume Barcelo.

Read the article - posted 2011-10-10

→ RFC 6384: An FTP Application Layer Gateway (ALG) for IPv6-to-IPv4 Translation

The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) has a very long history, and despite the fact that today other options exist to perform file transfers, FTP is still in common use. As such, in situations where some client computers only have IPv6 connectivity while many servers are still IPv4-only and IPv6-to-IPv4 translators are used to bridge that gap, it is important that FTP is made to work through these translators to the best possible extent.

Read the article - posted 2011-11-05

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